Definition: Basophils are one type of cell in the leukocyte, or white blood cell, family. They contain and release histamine and serotonin. Histamine is a major factor in the allergic response associated with inflammation. Serotonin is a specific kind of chemical called a neurotransmitter. This means that it controls messages to and from the central nervous system. Functions that may be affected include mood, sleep, vomiting, sexuality, and appetite. Serotonin is also believed to promote cell regeneration.
Basophils – along with mast cells – are the central players in the allergic response to asthma triggers. Immunoglobulin E, or IgE for short, a known factor in allergic inflammation, stimulates the basophils to release histamine.
Other non-allergic substances can stimulate basophils too, but are not involved in the immune response linked to asthma and allergies.
Sources:
MedicineNet. Basophils. Reviewed 6/21/04. <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=33464> C.M. van Drunen, W.J. Fokkens. Basophils and mast cells at the centre of the immunological response. Allergy 2006: 61: 273–275. <http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01069.x?cookieSet=1>.
Pronunciation: BAY-sew-fils
Also Known As: leukocytes
